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Critical role of the gut microbiota in immune responses and cancer immunotherapy

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机构： [1]Department of Plastic and Burn Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. [2]Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS), CAMS Oxford Institute (COI), Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, England. [3]Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. [4]Institute of Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Technology of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. [5]Target Discovery Institute, Center for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, England. [6]Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. [7]Department of Neonatology, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. [8]Department of Functional Genomics, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland. [9]Department of Biomedicine and Experimental Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland. [10]Department of Urology, Churchill Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation, Oxford, UK. [11]Department of General Surgery and Gastric Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. 153795352@scu.edu.cn.

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关键词： Cancer immunotherapy Immune checkpoint inhibitors Gut microbiota-derived metabolites Immunerelated adverse events Microbiota modifcation

摘要：

The gut microbiota plays a critical role in the progression of human diseases, especially cancer. In recent decades, there has been accumulating evidence of the connections between the gut microbiota and cancer immunotherapy. Therefore, understanding the functional role of the gut microbiota in regulating immune responses to cancer immunotherapy is crucial for developing precision medicine. In this review, we extract insights from state-of-the-art research to decipher the complicated crosstalk among the gut microbiota, the systemic immune system, and immunotherapy in the context of cancer. Additionally, as the gut microbiota can account for immune-related adverse events, we discuss potential interventions to minimize these adverse effects and discuss the clinical application of five microbiota-targeted strategies that precisely increase the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. Finally, as the gut microbiota holds promising potential as a target for precision cancer immunotherapeutics, we summarize current challenges and provide a general outlook on future directions in this field.© 2024. The Author(s).

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大类 | 1 区

医学

小类 | 1 区血液学 1 区肿瘤学

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第一作者机构： [1]Department of Plastic and Burn Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. [2]Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS), CAMS Oxford Institute (COI), Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, England.

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Critical role of the gut microbiota in immune responses and cancer immunotherapy

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