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Biomarkers and immunotherapy in endometrial cancer: mechanisms and clinical applications

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机构： [1]Department of Medical Genetics, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, Sichuan, China. [2]Institute of Cancer Research, Henan Academy of Innovations in Medical Science, Zhengzhou, Henan, China. [3]Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China. [4]Clinical Bioinformatics Experimental Center, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.

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关键词： endometrial cancer immunotherapy biomarkers immune checkpoint inhibitors combination therapy

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Advanced endometrial cancer (EC) poses significant therapeutic challenges due to molecular heterogeneity and immune evasion. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) show promise, particularly in mismatch repair-deficient (MMRd) and POLE-mutated subtypes, but resistance remains a barrier. This review synthesizes recent advances in biomarker-driven immunotherapy for EC, focusing on predictive biomarkers (e.g., LRP2, FANCE, MSH2, miRNA signatures), combination strategies (ICIs with anti-angiogenics or PARP inhibitors), and challenges in clinical translation. We highlight the impact of tumor microenvironment components, emerging technologies like machine learning, and future directions for personalized immunotherapy. Standardizing biomarker testing and optimizing trial designs will be critical to overcome resistance and improve outcomes.Copyright © 2025 Zhao, Li, Jing, Tang, Lin, Zhang, Tang, Chen, Yang, Liu and Chen.

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出版当年[2025]版：

大类 | 2 区医学

小类 | 2 区免疫学

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大类 | 2 区医学

小类 | 2 区免疫学

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第一作者机构： [1]Department of Medical Genetics, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, Sichuan, China.

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