Objective: The aim of the present study was to use pharmacokinetic quantitative parameters with histogram and texture features on dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) to differentiate between the luminal A and luminal B molecular subtypes of breast cancer. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the data of 94 patients with histopathologically proven breast cancer. The pharmacokinetic quantitative parameters (K-trans, K-ep, and V-e) with their corresponding histogram and texture features based on preoperative DCE-MRI were obtained. The parameters were compared using the Mann-Whitney U-test between the luminal A and luminal B groups, the human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2)-positive luminal B and HER2-negative luminal B groups, and the lymph node metastasis (LNM)-positive and LNM-negative groups. Receiver operating characteristic curves were generated for parameters that presented significant between-group differences. Results: The maximum values of K-trans, K-ep, and V-e, and the mean and 90th percentile values of V-e were significantly higher in the luminal B group than in the luminal A group. Among the texture features, only skewness of K-trans significantly differed between the luminal A and B groups. All histogram features of K-trans were higher in the HER2-positive luminal B group than in the HER2-negative luminal B group. However, no parameter differed between the LNM-positive and LNM-negative groups. Conclusion: Pharmacokinetic quantitative parameters with histogram and texture features obtained from DCE-MRI are associated with the molecular subtypes of breast cancer, and may serve as potential imaging biomarkers to differentiate between the luminal A and luminal B molecular subtypes.