Background: Although various inflammation-based indexes in esophageal carcinoma have been documented, but the prognostic value of the albumin-to-globulin ratio(AGR) and its correlation with fibrinogen in resectable ESCC remain unknown. Methods: The levels of pre-treatment serum common acute phase proteins (including CRP, albumin and fribrinogen) were retrospectively analyzed in 447 patients with ESCC who underwent surgical resection at our department. The prognostic value was explored by univariate and multivariate cox hazard analysis. The correlation between AGR and acute phase proteins were also analyzed. Results: Patients with decreased levels of AGR and increased CRP had significantly lower 5-year survival rates than those with higher AGR, not only in the whole ESCC cohort but also in the subgroups stratified according to the disease T, N classifications, and metastasis, whereas the other acute phase proteins were not independent prognostic factors for ESCC. In addition, a lower AGR level was observed more often in patients with a high fibrinogen level than in those with a low fibrinogen level. Spearman's rank correlation analysis revealed that the AGR level presented a negative correlation with the fibrinogen level (r =-0.317, p< 0.001). Conclusions: The 5-year survival was shorter in resectable ESCC patients exhibiting decreased pre-treatment AGR and increased CRP. Thus, the serum AGR and CRP may be a clinical prognostic factor for resectable ESCC patients. In addition, a negative correlation was present between the levels of AGR and fibrinogen, the common indexes of acute phase reactants.