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Case report: Anlotinib plus oral etoposide: a potential salvage therapy based on insights from EGFR-TKI-resistant SCLC transformation PDX and clinical settings

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机构： [1]Division of Thoracic Tumor Multimodality Treatment, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China, [2]Clinical Trial Center, National Medical Products Administration Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drugs, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China, [3]Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China, [4]Precision Medicine Research Center, Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China, [5]Laboratory of Nonhuman Primate Disease Modeling Research, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China, [6]Institute of Clinical Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China, [7]Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, and Precision Medicine Research Center, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China

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关键词： non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) small cell lung cancer transformation epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) patient-derived tumor xenograft (PDX) anlotinib

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Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) transformation is one of the resistance mechanisms to epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) treatment in patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Platinum-etoposide chemotherapy is the most common regimen for patients with SCLC transformation. Despite a high initial response rate, patients experience rapid disease progression, and there is a paucity of evidence for further-line therapy. In this study, we report two cases of patients with EGFR 19del-mutated and EGFR-TKI-resistant transformed SCLC who failed with platinum-etoposide chemotherapy. We explored a novel combination strategy of anlotinib and orally administered etoposide in these two patients, guided by the results of a patient-derived tumor xenograft (PDX) model. The combination regimen was clinically applied when platinum-etoposide chemotherapy failed, and both patients benefited from the treatment. To our knowledge, this is the first report of anlotinib plus oral etoposide as a potential salvage therapy for patients with EGFR-TKI-induced SCLC transformation resistant to platinum-based chemotherapy. Both the PDX model and clinical cases support the efficacy of this regimen, providing a promising therapeutic option for patients with SCLC transformation after platinum-etoposide chemotherapy resistance.Copyright © 2025 Wang, Li, Jiang, Wang, Xiao, Zhang, Li, Li and Wang.

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大类 | 3 区医学

小类 | 4 区肿瘤学

最新[2025]版：

大类 | 3 区医学

小类 | 4 区肿瘤学

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第一作者机构： [1]Division of Thoracic Tumor Multimodality Treatment, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China,

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Case report: Anlotinib plus oral etoposide: a potential salvage therapy based on insights from EGFR-TKI-resistant SCLC transformation PDX and clinical settings

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