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RNA nanotherapeutics for hepatocellular carcinoma treatment

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机构: [1]The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University and Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China. [2]Department of General Surgery Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China. [3]Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu 233004, China. [4]School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China. [5]Department of Urology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. [6]Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. [7]Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Academician (Expert) Workstation, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637600, China.
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关键词: RNA nanotherapeutics Gene regulation Protein restoration Gene activation Hepatocellular carcinoma

摘要:
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, particularly due to the limited effectiveness of current therapeutic options for advanced-stage disease. The efficacy of traditional treatments is often compromised by the intricate liver microenvironment and the inherent heterogeneity. RNA-based therapeutics offer a promising alternative, utilizing the innovative approach of targeting aberrant molecular pathways and modulating the tumor microenvironment. The integration of nanotechnology in this field, through the development of advanced nanocarrier delivery systems, especially lipid nanoparticles (LNPs), polymer nanoparticles (PNPs), and bioinspired vectors, enhances the precision and efficacy of RNA therapies. This review highlights the significant progress in RNA nanotherapeutics for HCC treatment, covering micro RNA (miRNA), small interfering RNA (siRNA), message RNA (mRNA), and small activating RNA (saRNA) mediated gene silencing, therapeutic protein restoration, gene activation, cancer vaccines, and concurrent therapy. It further comprehensively discusses the prevailing challenges within this therapeutic landscape and provides a forward-looking perspective on the potential of RNA nanotherapeutics to transform HCC treatment.© The author(s).

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大类 | 1 区 医学
小类 | 1 区 医学:研究与实验
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第一作者机构: [1]The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University and Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China. [2]Department of General Surgery Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China.
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