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Biomaterial-based strategies for cell-free nucleic acids scavenging and macrophage modulation in oral diseases: Mechanisms and therapeutic potential

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机构: [1]State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, [2]Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China [3]Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA [4]The Antibody Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA [5]Department of Orthopaedics, Center for Orthopaedic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510630, China [6]Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA [7]Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
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关键词: Oral diseases Biomaterials Cell-free nucleic acids Macrophage Innate immunity

摘要:
Cell-free nucleic acids (cfNAs), including cfDNA and cfRNA, have emerged as potent drivers of inflammation and immune dysregulation in oral diseases by activating nucleic acid-sensing pathways and inducing macrophage polarization. These processes disrupt immune homeostasis and impair tissue regeneration, positioning cfNAs not only as biomarkers but also as active immunological effectors. Recent advances highlight the therapeutic potential of biomaterial-based strategies for scavenging cfNAs and modulating macrophage phenotypes. These include cationic polymers, nanoparticles, hydrogels, micro/nanogels, nano/microfibers, microneedles, and enzymatic or artificial nuclease systems. This review systematically outlines cfNA-sensing mechanisms and the resulting macrophage-mediated immune responses that drive oral pathologies, and discusses emerging biomaterial platforms designed to restore immune balance and facilitate tissue repair. These insights underscore the translational promise of cfNA-scavenging immunotherapies across a broad spectrum of oral diseases.Copyright © 2025 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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出版当年[2025]版:
大类 | 1 区 医学
小类 | 1 区 工程:生物医学 1 区 材料科学:生物材料
最新[2025]版:
大类 | 1 区 医学
小类 | 1 区 工程:生物医学 1 区 材料科学:生物材料
第一作者:
第一作者机构: [1]State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, [2]Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
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通讯作者:
通讯机构: [1]State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, [2]Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China [6]Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA [7]Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA [*1]State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China [*2]Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA.
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