The World Health Organization (WHO) published the "WHO Consolidated Guidelines on Tuberculosis, Module 4: Treatment and Care" (hereinafter referred to as the 2025 Guidelines Module 4) on April 15, 2025. This guideline primarily presents updates and recommendations based on high-quality evidence-based medical basis across three key aspects: drug-susceptible tuberculosis (DS-TB), drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB), and treatment and care. This article offers an interpretation of the guideline from the perspectives of its recommendations, evidence-based medical basis, core updated content, and clinical applicability. Furthermore, it explores the feasibility and potential challenges of implementing these recommendations in China, taking into account the current status of tuberculosis prevention and control measures in the country.