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Genetic engineering of pigs for xenotransplantation to overcome immune rejection and physiological incompatibilities: The first clinical steps

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机构： [1]Department of Pharmacy, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing, China. [2]Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Sichuan, China. [3]Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland. [4]Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.

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Xenotransplantation has the potential to solve the shortfall of human organ donors. Genetically modified pigs have been considered as potential animal donors for human xenotransplantation and have been widely used in preclinical research. The genetic modifications aim to prevent the major species-specific barriers, which include humoral and cellular immune responses, and physiological incompatibilities such as complement and coagulation dysfunctions. Genetically modified pigs can be created by deleting several pig genes related to the synthesis of various pig specific antigens or by inserting human complement- and coagulation-regulatory transgenes. Finally, in order to reduce the risk of infection, genes related to porcine endogenous retroviruses can be knocked down. In this review, we focus on genetically modified pigs and comprehensively summarize the immunological mechanism of xenograft rejection and recent progress in preclinical and clinical studies. Overall, both genetically engineered pig-based xenografts and technological breakthroughs in the biomedical field provide a promising foundation for pig-to-human xenotransplantation in the future.Copyright © 2022 Lei, Chen, Wang, Du, Gonelle-Gispert, Wang and Buhler.

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出版当年[2022]版：

大类 | 2 区

医学

小类 | 2 区免疫学

最新[2025]版：

大类 | 2 区医学

小类 | 2 区免疫学

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出版当年[2022]版：

Q1 IMMUNOLOGY

最新[2024]版：

Q1 IMMUNOLOGY

影响因子： 5.9 最新[2024版] 6.8 最新五年平均 7.3 出版当年[2022版] 8 出版当年五年平均 8.787 出版前一年[2021版] 5.7 出版后一年[2023版]

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第一作者机构： [1]Department of Pharmacy, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing, China.

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